UPDATED Jesus depicted as an Aryan by early Christians; NS writer Bochaca says Jesus was not physically Jewish — His native Galilee was “the District of the Gentiles”

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As Wikipedia correctly says, in early Christian times Jesus was not often depicted physically, and instead the original Christian symbols, the dove or the fish, or a shepherd carrying a lamb, were shown. To some extent, a Jewish attitude that mortals should not be portrayed may have exerted some early influence, but after a while Christianity evolved into a majority-Gentile religion, where Jewish rules had no validity. Gentiles (especially Greeks and Romans) depicted humans constantly in paintings and sculptures.

The Emperor Augustus was the ruler of Rome when Jesus was born. He is depicted, like many Roman aristocrats, with blond hair. (Caligula and Nero, later emperors of his dynasty, also had blond hair.)  Europe and the Mediterranean area (especially Italy, Greece and Egypt) were much, much more racially nordic two thousand years ago than today.

Blond Egyptians (and not aristocrats, either):

A blond harpist (right) 

Three of six workers are blond.

Blond Egyptian mummies:

…..Lots of Aryan blood in the Old Middle East and Mediterranean

–The founders and rulers of Ancient Egypt, Greece and Rome were nordics:

UPDATED Whites of today a mix of Cro-Magnons and ET Nordics ” two different waves of humans from the galaxy that made ancient Atlantis, Egypt, Greece, Rome and the modern West

The scribe Sakkara (Aryan Egyptians put an ochre-colored powder  on their skint to prevent sunburn)

Pharaoh Ka –ruled around 3,000 BC

 

 

 

Circa AD 500, Egyptians depicted Mary and Jesus as blond, and with a red-haired angel, Michael (l), and a blond angel, Gabriel (r), as protecting them

Zoom on the angels and Mary

 

…..But when Jesus WAS shown, it was never with black hair and a hooked nose.

It just never occurred to anyone, THEN OR NOW, that a man who gave His life for love, forgiveness, humility and justice — and denounced lies, vengeance, domination, materialism and greed could possibly look like a Jew. 😉

This is how the early Christians remembered Paul, who was also in Rome, as very jewy.

This is how they saw Jesus and Mary:

Close-up of the boy Jesus

 Traversing the sky in a chariot, Jesus, the blond risen Lord, has sunbeams emerging from his head  

 

Close-up of “the Lord”

But of course if Jesus incarnated in Palestine in order to reform the Jews, He would not wish to appear as a golden-haired, six-foot-tall Swede to them, looking like a total foreigner, but instead look similar to the lighter-skinned, -haired and -eyed Jews among them who lived at that time.

One can assume that Jesus did not look extraordinary, or there would be stories about, say, how tall and handsome He was (or ugly, for that matter), or what wide shoulders He had, etc.  It seems that it was rather the things He said and did that were extraordinary.

Jesus in a recent Hollywood movie — always with very light-brown or near-blond hair, We just cannot imagine a divine man or angel any other way.

Jesus as portrayed by English actor Robert Powell of Manchester in Franco Zeffirelli’s excellent 1977 British-Italian miniseries “Jesus of Nazareth”

Jesus as seen by the Mormons, resolute and manly

  Now here is a real Jew –the diabolical and cunning David Axelrod, elections guru who in 2008 and 2012 got Barack Hussein Obama elected president

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Michael Chertoff, Secretary of Homeland Security under Bush II

……The Jews of today do not descend from the Jews back then

According to the Israeli bestseller The Invention of the Jewish People by Professor Shlomo Sand of Tel Aviv, most Jews today descend not from the Jews of Bible times but from either Khazars (Huns and Turks) if they are Ashkenazim (light-skinned European Jews), or if they are Sephardim (swarthy Middle Eastern Jews), then from various Arabic or otherwise Semitic peoples in northern Africa or the Middle East whom rabbis converted to Judaism during a very long phase when Judaism was a missionary religion, unlike today.

.https://www.amazon.com/Invention-Jewish-People-Shlomo-Sand/dp/1844676234

A historical tour de force, The Invention of the Jewish People offers a groundbreaking account of Jewish and Israeli history. Exploding the myth that there was a forced Jewish exile in the first century at the hands of the Romans, Israeli historian Shlomo Sand argues that most modern Jews descend from converts, whose native lands were scattered across the Middle East and Eastern Europe.

In this iconoclastic work, which spent nineteen weeks on the Israeli bestseller list and won the coveted Aujourd’hui Award in France, Sand provides the intellectual foundations for a new vision of Israel’s future.

Shlomo Sand studied history at the University of Tel Aviv and at the École des hautes études en sciences sociales in Paris.

He currently teaches contemporary history at the University of Tel Aviv.

His books include The Invention of the Jewish PeopleOn the Nation and the Jewish PeopleL’Illusion du politique: Georges Sorel et le débat intellectuel 1900 [= “The Illusion of Politics: Georges Sorel and the Intellectual Debate in 1900”]Georges Sorel en son temps [ = “Georges Sorel in his time”]Le XXe siècle à l’écran [ = “The twentieth century on the screen”] and Les Mots et la terre: les intellectuels en Israël [ = “The Words and the Earth: Intellectuals in Israel”].

Shockingly, Sand proved that the actual descendants of the ancient Palestinian Jews are the Palestinians of today! When the Romans crushed the two big Jewish revolts in Palestine, the first in AD 66-73 under Nero, and the second in AD 132 when Hadrian was emperor, the Roman legions did NOT drive all the Jews out of Palestine, only out of Jerusalem.

Most of the Jews stayed in Palestine, though their temple and capital were gone, and later they became Christians after Constantine the Great began Christianizing the Roman Empire, starting in AD 312.

When the Arab Muslims swept into Palestine in AD 636, these former Jews, now Christians for centuries, began gradually  to become muslims over a period of 600 years, often just to avoid persecution, “dhimmi” status and special taxes.  Also, only Muslims were allowed to ride horses or bear arms.

As Wikipedia also informs us, “[the Egyptian ruler Ibrahim Pasha’s conquests [in Palestine in 1834] had a significant demographic change as the region of Palestine had an influx of Muslim tribal immigrants.”

Today these people are “the Palestinians.” But their ancestors WERE the Jews — at the time of Jesus.

This brave Palestinian girl, Ahed Tamimi, was sentenced in March 2018 to eight months in an Israeli jail for slapping an Israeli occupation soldier. Her whole village of  Nabi Salih is full of people with blue eyes, even 1,382 years after the semitic Arabs began pouring into Palestine.

As the liberal Israeli Uri Avnery wrote in the Ha’aretz newspaper, Ahed is from a whole village of blue-eyed Palestinians. Below is a 2015 incident, and seems to be the same Ahed taking the lead.

Location of the village of Nabi Saleh where Ahed Tamimi and family live on the West Bank (which once was called Samaria)

Notice the other children also have light hair. The Israeli soldiers are swarthier.

“In this Friday, Aug, 28, 2015 photo, Palestinian women and youth scuffle with an Israeli soldier trying to arrest a 12-year-old boy during a protest near the West Bank village of Nabi Salih. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabi_Salih  It is a muslim village of 600 near Ramallah. The Tamimi family specifically has suffered terribly under the Israelis and hates them with a justified passion.

 

…..Jesus as depicted in early Christian paintings in Imperial Rome

 

A depiction on the wall of a Christian catacomb under Rome, with the Alpha and Omega letters to either side. Both the apostle Paul (a suspicious character for Hitler and Eckhart) and the (genuine) apostle Peter, who had personally known Jesus for His entire ministry, lived in Rome for years, and were executed there at the instigation of slanderous Jews. Therefore, Jesus’ appearance was known in Rome. 

Jesus with light-brown hair in a catacomb owned by the wealthy Christian breadmaker Bosio. Catacombs were very soft rock — ” tufa” — where about six million ancient Romans were buried during the days of the Roman Republic and Empire. Once you dug out a space, the tufa rock dried out and hardened. 

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Jesus with auburn hair in the Church of St. Pudentiana (now Santa Pudenziana) in Rome,  erected around AD 410 on the site of the very first church in Rome, which had been built around AD 150. (Before the Christians began building formal churches, they used to meet in the private homes of well-off believers — who often were women, and very much into a God-is-Love deity. They regularly dined together — adding songs, prayers, a brotherly kiss, a meal, wine and a sermon — so private homes were ideal. Later, as Christianity grew, believers rented meeting halls or rooms,and finally built churches, basilicas and, in the Middle Ages, giant cathedrals.) 

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Close-up of Jesus

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I repeat that the Roman congregation was founded by men who actually knew Jesus.

 

 

Adolf Hitler painted Mary and Jesus this way in 1912 in Munich, and always said that anyone who read the words of Jesus  could sense he was an Aryan.

When I was a Jehovah’s Witness, way back in 1970-75, Jesus was always depicted as sort of a handsome Italian with white features and and bone structure, brown hair, and light-brown eyes.

Satan offers Jesus the kingdoms of the world, which are his to give — a reflection of a kind of reality even (or especially) today.

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A Pharisee (from the group that later wrote the Gentile-hating Talmud) argues with Jesus over His healing of a blind man on the Sabbath.

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Jesus resurrecting Lazarus. The Old Testament prophets Elijah (1 Kings 17:17-23) and Elisha (2 Kings 4:8-37)  also resurrected dead men.  The Talmud — written by the grandsons of the Pharisees who actually knew Jesus — absolutely that concedes Jesus was a real person, that He did perform miracles, and that even the using of His name by other healers who were not even Christians could effect a miracle.

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Peter Schafer-Jesus in the Talmud-Princeton University Press (2007)

In fact, one rabbi healed another when dying by pronouncing the name of Jesus. For this both were chastised severely by the elder rabbis, as, according to the Talmud, Jesus was a blasphemer who now is down in hell, boiling in hot feces.  

Note here the fate of Jesus in hell. [Onqelos, who questions Him, is the supposed translator of the Hebrew Bible into Aramaic]

Transcription:

He [Onqelos] went and brought up Jesus the Nazarene (Yeshu hanotzri)/the
sinners of Israel (posh< e Yisrael)11 out of his/their grave(s)
84 Chapter 8
by necromancy and asked him/them: Who is important in that
world?
He/they [Jesus/the sinners of Israel] answered: Israel!
[Onqelos:] What then about joining them?
[Jesus/the sinners of Israel:] Seek their welfare, seek not their
harm. Whoever touches them is as though he touches the apple of
his [God’s] eye!12
[Onqelos:] What is your punishment?
[Jesus/the sinners of Israel:] With boiling excrement

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……The cross as a Christian symbol came along way, way later

Crucifixion back then was seen as what it really was, a truly horrible thing.

We must recall that the Romans back then were still routinely crucifying 1) thieves, 2) pirates (Julius Caesar was once held by pirates, and threatened them with crucifixion, a threat he later carried out), 3) slaves in open revolt, 4) highwaymen, and 5) murderers — and they continued doing so for many centuries.

It could take days to die this way, from exhaustion (it was impossible to breathe without a huge and painful effort), plus there was thirst, sunburn, hunger and exposure to the cold night air. In dry climates, the lack of humidity means the air releases its heat at night. Temperatures can fall from 100 to 40.

Crucifixion was one of the main means of execution for really heinous crimes. (Beheading was considered far more merciful.)

I have been preparing my very important audiobook and on-line book on what Adolf Hitler and Dietrich Eckart thought of Jesus (reverence), and of the Old Testament and Judaism.

UPDATED — SEE COMMENTS BELOW — Honor roll of top donors; Hitler on race and religion with his brilliant mentor, Dietrich Eckart

 

That other opinion was, of course, extremely negative, and so one could call the two friends “extreme Marcionites.” They felt awe of Jesus and saw Him as a radical reformer, preaching a radically different kind of God — a “heavenly father” and a “God of love,” not the jealous” and tribal deity the Jews had in their Yahweh.

Earliest photo of the young activist Hitler, 1920, age 31 (screenshot from an early newsreel), with Bavarian flags.

 

His mentor Eckart was a newspaperman, poet, spiritual thinker and successful playwright and theater producer. One of his plays ran 600 times in Berlin, making him wealthy.

Anyway, Margi suggested I read an excellent monograph in Spanish about Jesus by our friend, the NS and historian Joaquin Bochaca, of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain,  El mito del judaismo de Cristo, that is, “The Myth of the Jewishness of Jesus”.

Bochaca

 

.https://johndenugent.com/images/Mito-del-judaismo-del-cristo-bochaca.pdf

In it I found already these interesting passages, which I was able to verify elsewhere:

***

“The truth is what they make you believe,” said Voltaire. Today, one of those “truths” is the Jewishness of Christ. “Jesus Christ was a Jew” is a phrase which, if pronounced only a couple of centuries ago, could have cost its author the rigors of the Inquisition.

But in our time this same phrase, by dint of being repeated, in print and orally, millions of times, has become an axiom, a common place, something so undoubted that if it is still repeated often now, it is almost with the sole purpose of serving as a shield or moral bond given to this or that group of Jews to guard against the reaction by us non-Jews against their commercial, political or social methods.

When someone says, for example, that the inventors and the vast majority of the propagators of communism are Jews, or that Jews are the overwhelming majority of the members of the international financial scam, and that they are also – and they were – such or such a pornography dealer, swindler, or a crapulous criminal  such as Ginzberq, Stavisky [JdN: one could add Bernie Madoff today], instead of replying with logical and coherent arguments – as can obviously be done, with greater or lesser success – instead a swarm of pious clerics and kindly laity will tell you unctuously that “our Lord, Jesus Christ, was a Jew, too.”

And what surprises us most is that in an unusual neighborhood with those pious characters, and forming a choir with them, we espy the anti-Christians by definition, atheists, communists and all the varied fauna of fellow travelers.
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Actually for a Christian and specifically for a Catholic, Jesus Christ could not be Jewish. Any Catholic who brands Christ as a Jew commits a heresy. At least, until some new Church council of super-openness changes the Creed where for centuries it has been said Christ was “conceived by the work and grace of the Holy Spirit” to, for example, “conceived by the work and grace of Samuel Levy.”
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A Jew, according to the Talmud, the legislation of the current State of Israel, and years of tradition that are universally acknowledged, is descended from a Jew and a Jewess. For the Christian believer, however, Jesus Christ is a son of God, not of any earthly man. This leaves the matter settled for the Catholic and for the majority of Protestants of good faith.
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In the year 720 B.C. Galilee was devastated by the Assyrians, and its population (probably in its totality according to the Jewish historian Graetz, or 4/5ths of it according to the historian Robertson Smith), were deported, and were replaced by people from Assyria and Greece, with the former a mix of Semitic and Aryan blood, and the latter pure Aryans.
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The two historians coincide also in agreeing that, in addition to Assyrians and Greeks, there was also a settlement of Galilee by numerous clans of Scythian shepherds.
*** JdN

Jesus was raised in Nazareth in Galilee, in the far north of Palestine.

In Hebrew the word “Galilee” means

District of Gentiles,”

literally Galil [district] ha [of] Goyim.” 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galilee

Galilee has nice, cool mountains,  a huge lake, “the Sea of Galilee” [photo] and many rivers, sort of like Northern California.

Galilee attracted many settlers for many centuries, most of them not Jews, but in fact Whites (Ancient Greeks, Scythians (proto-Slavs?), Macedonians — Northern Greeks — of Alexander the Great, and the Romans).  https://www.haaretz.com/.premium-ancient-roman-legion-base-found-in-megiddo-1.5290705

 

Roman road leading into Syria

A lemon orchard

The Old Testament itself tells how the Jews were wicked, and so God  (Yahweh) let the king of Assyria conquer them, hauling all of them off as permanent troublemakers to Babylon and what is now Iraq.

The Assyrian monarch then settled lots of other people — whom Jews call “Gentiles” — in the lovely land of Galilee.

*** Returning to the Bochaca text:

The Hungarian Ferenc [Bochaca writes “Zajhty” but I believe he means “Szalasi”] claims that “the Jews were sure that Jesus was not of their race. ” [Bochaca refers to a book in Hungarian which would translate as “Millennial Hungary.]

Zajhty asserts that, in the seventh century BC. the Assyrian king Shalmaneser [V] carried away the whole population of Galilee, which even then was only partially Jewish. The Scythian shepherds and the new Greek, Assyrian and Macedonian colonists, who subsequently occupied the space of displaced populations, adopted the Jewish religious creed, but, according to the expression of the Jews themselves, “they were only under Jewish laws” ” The Jews,”  Zajhty avers, “never accepted the Galileans as true descendants of the holy patriarch Abraham.”

During the centuries preceding the birth of Christ, we can confirm the immigration of numerous colonies of Phoenicians and Greeks in Galilee, according to Houston Stewart Chamberlain  [in his Foundations of the Nineteenth Century, p285 in the Spanish version Bochaca used) and especially in Albert Réville ( Jésus de Nazareth, vol. I, p167) who points out that immigration by the semites [ = Phoenicians] exceeded by two to one those of the Aryans (Greeks and Macedonians).

Alexander the Great in 331 a.C. expelled those [same Phoenician] settlers from Samaria, replacing them with [some of his own] Macedonians; an important part of those Macedonians coming from the District of the Gentiles, Galilee. (Houston Stewart Chamberlain, ibid.,  p289)

It is beyond doubt that in the lands of Galilee, fertile and easily accessible – – unlike Judea, which was practically incommunicado — a multitude of races cohabited, with the exception of what is properly called the Jewish race.

In the Old Testament it is recounted how the Galilean villagers interpreted the multiplication of wild beasts [lions, bears, etc.] in their territory as a sign of the revenge by the gods of the country. They delegated a embassy to the king of the Assyrians, asking them to send them an Israelite priest from those whom he had taken as captives. The priest came and taught the Galileans how to worship the God of Jerusalem.

…..2 Kings chapter 17 Assyrian removes the Jews from Galilee; pagans replace them and out of fear worship Yahweh along with their own gods

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Hoshea Last King of Israel

17 In the twelfth year of Ahaz king of Judah, Hoshea son of Elah became king of Israel in Samaria, and he reigned nine years. He did evil in the eyes of the Lord, but not like the kings of Israel who preceded him.

Shalmaneser king of Assyria came up to attack Hoshea, who had been Shalmaneser’s vassal and had paid him tribute. But the king of Assyria discovered that Hoshea was a traitor, for he had sent envoys to so [Osorkon?], king of Egypt, and he no longer paid tribute to the king of Assyria, as he had done year by year.

Therefore Shalmaneser seized him and put him in prison. The king of Assyria invaded the entire land, marched against Samaria and laid siege to it for three years. In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria [ now apparently Sargon II; photo right] captured Samaria and deported the Israelites to Assyria. He settled them in Halah, in Gozan on the Habor River and in the towns of the Medes.

Israel Exiled Because of Sin

All this took place because the Israelites had sinned against Yahweh their God, who had brought them up out of Egypt from under the power of Pharaoh king of Egypt. They worshiped other gods and followed the practices of the nations Yahweh had driven out before them, as well as the practices that the kings of Israel had introduced. The Israelites secretly did things against Yahweh their God that were not right. From watchtower to fortified city they built themselves high places in all their towns. 10 They set up sacred stones and Asherah poles on every high hill and under every spreading tree. 11 At every high place they burned incense, as the nations whom Yahweh had driven out before them had done. They did wicked things that aroused Yahweh’s anger. 12 They worshiped idols, though Yahweh had said, “You shall not do this.”[b]

13  Yahweh warned Israel and Judah through all His prophets and seers: “Turn from your evil ways. Observe my commands and decrees, in accordance with the entire Law that I commanded your ancestors to obey and that I delivered to you through my servants the prophets.”

14 But they would not listen and were as stiff-necked as their ancestors, who did not trust in Yahweh their God. 15 They rejected his decrees and the covenant he had made with their ancestors and the statutes he had warned them to keep. They followed worthless idols and themselves became worthless. They imitated the nations around them although Yahweh had ordered them, “Do not do as they do.”

16 They forsook all the commands of Yahweh their God and made for themselves two idols cast in the shape of calves, and an Asherah pole. They bowed down to all the starry hosts, and they worshiped Baal.17 They sacrificed their sons and daughters in the fire. They practiced divination and sought omens and sold themselves to do evil in the eyes of the Lord, arousing his anger.

18 So Yahweh was very angry with Israel and removed them from his presence. Only the tribe of Judah was left, 19 and even Judah did not keep the commands of the Lord their God. They followed the practices Israel had introduced. 20 Therefore Yahweh rejected all the people of Israel; he afflicted them and gave them into the hands of plunderers,until he thrust them from his presence.

21 When he tore Israel away from the house of David, they made Jeroboam son of Nebat their king. Jeroboam enticed Israel away from following Yahweh and caused them to commit a great sin. 22 The Israelites persisted in all the sins of Jeroboam and did not turn away from them 23 until Yahweh removed them from his presence, as He had warned through all his servants the prophets. So the people of Israel [= the northern kingdom, as opposed to Judah, the southern kingdom; see note that follows] were taken from their homeland into exile in Assyria, and they are still there.

*** JdN The word “Samaria” refers to all the “Northern Kingdom” that was ruled from the royal town of Samaria, both what is now called Samaria today (the central section of Israel), and also Galilee in  this far north, as per this standard map of the borders in around 800 BC:

 

Samaria Resettled

24 The king of Assyria brought people from Babylon, Kuthah, Avva, Hamath and Sepharvaim and settled them in the towns of Samaria to replace the Israelites. They took over Samaria and lived in its towns.

25When they first lived there, they did not worship the Lord; so he sent lions among them and they killed some of the people. 26 It was reported to the king of Assyria: “The people you deported and resettled in the towns of Samaria do not know what the god of that country requires. He has sent lions among them, which are killing them off, because the people do not know what he requires.”

27 Then the king of Assyria gave this order: “Have one of the priests you took captive from Samaria go back to live there and teach the people what the god of the land requires.” 28 So one of the priests who had been exiled from Samaria came to live in Bethel and taught them how to worship the Lord.

29 Nevertheless, each national group made its own gods in the several towns where they settled, and set them up in the shrines the people of Samaria had made at the high places. 30 The people from Babylon made Sukkoth Benoth, those from Kuthah made Nergal, and those from Hamath made Ashima; 31 the Avvites made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites burned their children in the fire as sacrifices to Adrammelekand Anammelek, the gods of Sepharvaim. 32 

They worshiped the Lord, but they also appointed all sorts of their own people to officiate for them as priests in the shrines at the high places.

33 They worshiped Yahweh, but they also served their own gods in accordance with the customs of the nations from which they had been brought. 34 To this day they persist in their former practices. They neither worship Yahweh nor adhere to the decrees and regulations, the laws and commands that Yahweh gave the descendants of Jacob, whom he named Israel. 

35 When Yahweh made a covenant with the Israelites, he commanded them: “Do not worship any other gods or bow down to them, serve them or sacrifice to them. 36 But Yahweh, who brought you up out of Egypt with mighty power and outstretched arm, is the one you must worship. To him you shall bow down and to him offer sacrifices.37 You must always be careful to keep the decrees and regulations, the laws and commands he wrote for you. Do not worship other gods. 38 Do not forget the covenant I have made with you, and do not worship other gods. 39 Rather, worship Yahweh your God; it is he who will deliver you from the hand of all your enemies.”

40 They would not listen, however, but persisted in their former practices. 41 Even while these people were worshiping the Lord, they were serving their idols. To this day their children and grandchildren continue to do as their ancestors did.

*** JdN

The Galileans’ theory, like that of all pagans, was that every place on earth — plains, mountains, rivers, etc.  — had its own god, and that with his people taken away, the god of Galilee, Yahweh, was angry at no longer being worshiped.

So the Gentile Galileans followed His law — without becoming Jews (via drastic things like circumcision, or expensive Temple worship, etc.), thus belonging to a category of Gentiles which the Jews call “the God Fearers.”;-)

The second wife of the mad emperor Nero, Poppaea, was just such a “God Fearer” — a Gentile who prayed to Yahweh, probably did not eat pork, etc. — and she was the monster who incited the emperor Nero [photo] to blame the Great Fire in Rome, which had caused outrage against him, on the innocent Christians, leading to them being burned alive and fed to the lions.

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This painting below is of a later massacre of Christians, burned alive and crucified at the instigation of slanderous Jews, or fed to the lions.

(The Colosseum, the “Flavian Amphitheater,” had not been built by the time of Nero, but it was running ten years later. The word “flavius,”  by the way, means “blond” in Latin, and is the name of the imperial dynasty that ruled Rome between AD 69 and 96, meaning Vespasian and his two sons, Titus and Domitian.)

The Jews lied to the crowds and the Roman authorities that Christians killed and ate babies, drank blood, had sex with their own siblings, and hated everyone else. They told the pagans that every calamity that befell them was because the Christians did not worship the pagan gods but a black magic practitioner — the evil Jesus, whom Rome had executed. When Christians were to be burned, Jews would run and gather firewood for the fuel. No wonder the Book of Revelation refers to the Jews as “the synagogue of Satan.”

 

*** Back to Bochaca:

This is how the inhabitants of northern Palestine (Samaria and Galilee) became Jews because of religion, even when the Samaritans had very little Jewish blood in their veins, and the Galileans practically none. [Heinrich] Graetz [a very famous Jewish historian of the later 1800s] says that, between the invasions — followed by deportations — of the Assyrians, a small number of Jews had re-infiltrated into Galilee, dedicating themselves to commercial activities and money changing [and NOT to converting the Gentiles].

According to Book of the Maccabees, part one, the Hebrew leader Simon Tharsi gathered all the Jews who had returned to Galilee and forced them all without exception to return to Judea in the year 164 B.C.

Strikingly, Scythians also settled in Galilee and even had their own city, “Scythopolis.” The Scythians were Indo-Europeans from what is now Ukraine, and  fierce warriors, especially as archers on horseback.

They were perhaps early Slavs — or early Aryan Iranians who later became absorbed by the Slavs. (Slavic and Iranian are related Eastern-Aryan languages.)

 

Map showing (encircled in the lower right) the city of Scythopolis

The originality of the Galilean national character is marked by another infallible sign: their language.

In the time of Christ, down in Judea people spoke in Aramaic. The Hebrew language was already back then a dead language, only surviving in the sacred writings (such as the Old Testament and the early Talmud).

The Galileans used another dialect of Aramaic that was so different from that employed by the Jews that even a servant of the High Priest, Caiaphas, during the trial of Jesus, could say to Peter:

“Your accent betrays you as a Galilean.”

The Galileans were even forbidden to pray aloud, since their faulty pronunciation excited hilarity, said the great French author Ernest Renan.

It was apparently almost impossible for Galileans to pronounce some of the sounds of Jewish-Aramaic, which was very guttural. This fact, according to Houston Stewart Chamberlain, denotes a physical difference in the structure of the larynx of the Galileans compared with that of the Jews. One may presume a strong contribution of Aryan blood to the Galileans because of this absence of harsh, guttural sounds.

The guttural “kh-” and “gh-” sounds that are common to all Semitic peoples practically do not exist among the Aryans (except for the Dutch and Afrikaners, and let it be noted that whrn huge numbers of Sephardic Jews left Spain in 1492 when Queen Isabella expelled them, where did they go? To HOLLAND.

https://ask.metafilter.com/108789/How-do-I-pronounce-gutturals-in-Hebrew-and-Arabic

(Humorous video about hyper-guttural semitic sounds)

.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KLqYQbOCGJc

It is very true that Arabic and Hebrew have non-stop “hacking” sounds. But the language substrate of the Galileans was not so guttural.

And yes, Greeks were colonizing everywhere around the Mediterranean, and long, long before Alexander. It is possible Greeks were also in the beautiful, cool mountain air of Galilee, though they generally avoided Asia, with its tyrannical governments, for the central and western Mediterranean, but we also know they did setttle in Libya and Egypt.

Greek colonies in blue (and Phoenician in red); 30 different Greek city-states sent out colonists

 

The Ancient Greeks and Trojans were sometimes very nordic.

Ganymede

The head of the Greek gods, Zeus, sent an eagle to abduct Ganymede and take him off to live with the gods and become immortal. His grieving father Thos (lower right) was later compensated with two gorgeous horses from Mount Olympus. Note the yellow paint on the hair of both son and father. (Note also the muscles. The Greeks “worked out” constantly, did bodybuilding, and literally every man was a soldier.)

 

The separation between Jews and Galileans was so pronounced that, according to Father Franz Michel Willam in his (German-language) 1932 work Das Leben Jesu im Lande und Volke Israel [ =The Life of Jesus in the Country and People of Israel], page 146, there was a saying:

“The Galileans value honor more than money;

the Jews money more than honor. “

Willam was a village priest in Vorarlberg, Austria but also an outstanding author. His “Life of Jesus in the Land and among the People of Israel” was published in ten editions in German and was translated into twelve languages. It was his masterpiece, a real bestseller in its day, and it made Willam famous internationally. (He was later a mentor to the priest and scholar Joseph Ratzinger, later Pope Benedict XVI.)

Willam, left and Ratzinger, right

In the original German

The French historian Raoul Patry (PhD in theology in 1899 from the Sorbonne/Paris) recalls that in the time of Jesus, Galilee and Perea had their own autonomous tetrarch, while Judea and Idumea were subject to a Roman procurator.

“The political separation between Jews of race,” says Patry, “and Jews of religion, the former in Judea and the latter in Galilee, was complete.”

Patry notes that the contemporaries of Jesus called him “the Galilean” and “the Nazarene,” and not “the Bethlehemite,” so though he was born in Judea, he was not viewed as a Judean. — Patry, Raoul: La réligion dans l’Allemagne d’aujourd’hui, Paris: Payot, 1926, p165.

Galilee
Jesus came from the town of Nazareth in Galilee. This northern territory of Palestine was also his most important area of activity.

Apart from the larger towns of Sepphoris and Tiberias, Galilee was a country area, and agriculture was the main occupation. The Lake of Gennesaret was famous for its fishing. Jesus is said to have found his first disciples among fishermen (Mark 1:16-29).

In the time of Jesus Galilee was surrounded by a number of Greek cities. There was also in Galilee a group of ten Greek towns – the Decapolis. The rest of the area was Jewish.

Samaria
South of Galilee lived the Samaritans, a mixed population resulting from political transfers of population, whom the Jews did not consider to be real Jews.

While the Jewish Temple was situated on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, the Samaritans regarded Mt. Gerizim as sacred. They recognized as Holy Scripture only the five books of Moses, and the textual form they used was different from that in use among the Jews.

Judaea
The name Judaea had two different senses. Firstly, it meant the area surrounding Jerusalem, secondly it meant the whole area inhabited by Jews, which finally became a Roman province.

The mountainous region surrounding Jerusalem is dry and bare. To the east is the Dead Sea. In the oasis area north of the Dead Sea is Jericho, which is thought to be one of the oldest towns in the world.

Jerusalem

To the Jews Jerusalem was the centre of the world, where God dwelt in the Temple. The Jews went there on pilgrimage at least once a year. It was also the economic, administrative and cultural centre. The Roman administration of Palestine was directed from Caesarea.

The Herodian Dynasty

At the time of the birth of Jesus Palestine was ruled by the Roman vassal king Herod the Great, who was renowned for his great building projects and for his arbirtrary actions and ruthlessness, which towards the end of his rule became sheer paranoia.

After the death of Herod his dominion was divided into three parts among his sons, who continued as Roman vassals. 

Archelaus was given control of Judaea and the region of Perea east of the Jordan. He was, however, a bad king. In 6 A.D. the complaints of his subjects led to his being exiled by the Emperor to Gaul. At the same time Judaea, Samaria and Idumaea were united to form the province of Judaea, whose administrator was – under the imperial legate of Syria – a representative of Rome, at first a prefect, later a procurator.

Galilee was ruled by Archelaus’ brother Antipas. His actions, too, caused bad blood among his subjects. For instance, John the Baptist criticized Antipas, who eventually had him executed (see Mark 6:14-29). As a result of political intrigue Antipas too was exiled to Gaul in 39 A.D.

The only one of Herod the Great’s sons to be a successful ruler was Philip, who ruled from Galilee the regions of Trachonitis, Gaulanitis, Batanaea and Auranitis to the south-east.

Pilate

During the period 26-36 the Roman representative in Judaea was Pontius Pilate, who failed to understand the religious feelings of the Jews. This led to repeated conflicts and protests, and in suppressing them Pilate showed cruelty and a tendency to use strong measures. Pilate’s career was finally interrupted as a result of complaints made to the Emperor by his subjects.

The Jewish War

After the rule of Pilate the situation in Palestine became more and more tense and finally came to a head in the revolt of 66 A.D.

At first the rebels achieved success. The battle against the technical and material supremacy of Rome was, however, hopeless from the very beginning. Jerusalem was conquered in the year 70, and itsTemple was destroyed. The last pocket of resistance was the mountain fortress of Masada. It was conquered in 73 A.D.

Hellenistic Culture in Palestine

(Summary; original © Pauli Huuhtanen and Nils Martola / Kirjapaja 1997.)

By Hellenism is meant the interaction between Greek culture and the cultures of the Near East as a result of the conquests of Alexander the Great.

Palestine was one of the areas settled by people of Greek origin. The newcomers settled in the Phoenician cities of the Mediterranean coast and founded new Greek cities inland, whose administration, economy, legal system and official cult were based on the Greek model.

The Hellenization of Palestine was reinforced by the rule of pro-Greek kings from the 3rd century B.C. onwards and later by the Roman administration. The dynasty of Herod, who had ruled as a Roman vassal, admired Greek culture and adopted Greek manners. The ruling Jewish elite was open to Hellenism.

 ***
So was Jesus Christ, humanly speaking, racially speaking, Jewish? Whoever affirms such a thing proclaims his ignorance if he confuses race and religion. It is contempt for the truth if, knowing the history of Galilee, he affirms that the Galileans were Jews. 
To observe how coarse is the error of confusing race and religion, let’s look at those many practitioners of Buddhism in the West, particularly in Flanders and the Netherlands, or in California, who are blond white people and certainly not Chinese or Thais.
Or there are white Serbian, Bosnian, and Albanians peasants who profess the Muslim religion, but they certainly are not Turks or Arabs!
That Jews and Galileans considered themselves as members of two fundamentally different communities can be proven by familiarity with the Gospel texts.
Saint John, whenever he refers to the Jews, seems to be designating someone foreign, and in the same gospel it is said that “the Jews said that no prophet has ever come out of Galilee.” (John 7:52
***

50 Nicodemus [a member of the Sanhedrin, the ruling Senate of the Jews], who had gone to Jesus earlier and who was one of their own number, asked, 51 “Does our law condemn a man without first hearing him to find out what he has been doing?” 52 

Jesus and Nicodemus

They replied, “Are you from Galilee, too? Look into it, and you will find that no prophet comes out of Galilee.”

***

The personality of a man imprints itself on his work. So, just as the Ninth Symphony (by Beethoven) could only have been conceived by a European, or Confucian doctrine by a Chinese, even if everything about the personality of its author were unknown, it is evident that Christianity (or the doctrinal corpus that has been passed on to posterity under this name), in its nature, its soaring nobility and idealism, simply could not have been the work of a Jew.

The great law historian Jherinq says:

“Christianity represents a victory over Judaism, and contains from its first origins an Aryan seed.”(22)

The location of Galilee inbetween Phoenicia and Syria would authorize, in principle, the presumption in favor of an ancestry that is primarily Assyrian, but never Jewish.

Some authors, such as Chamberlain, Harnack, Hugo, and Winckler, among others, were inclined to believe, without the power to affirm it resolutely, that Jesus Christ descended from Greeks who had emigrated to Galilee in the 4th century BC.

The descriptions of His physical appearance are found only in very scarce written documents but in a relatively abundant oral tradition. They present him to us as an Aryan, but nothing can be proved except that he was not Jewish.

His disciples were all Galileans, as He was, with one exception. That exception was Judas Iscariot, meaning Judas of Kerioth, a city of Judea and peopled by the tribe of Judah.

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Kerioth,  located about 10 miles south of Hebron, is today abandoned ruins
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Jesus Christ was not such a treacherous, devious schemer. There are no Jews involved the birth of Christianity, just Galileans, except for Paul [JdN: whom Adolf Hitler and Dietrich Eckart sharply condemned in their “Bolshevism from Moses to Lenin” as rejudaizing the message of Jesus]. 
But if you want to find Jews in the beginning of the Christian saga, it is evident that there is one name, one true Jew, who played a role of the first magnitude in it:

Judas Iscariot

JdN: Judas is sometimes depicted with a black halo. Pagan Greek and Roman art had long used golden halos to depict those blessed by the sun god.

We do not know the reason for Judas to betray Jesus, except, of course, greed. Some believe that Judas, like many Jews at this time (and until today as well), expected the Jewish Messiah to be a true earthly king, a warrior and conqueror, to drive the Romans out of Palestine and eventually erect a Jewish empire on the planet where the Jews would “rule the Goyim with a rod of iron.”

Psalm 2 is understood by Jews to prophesy their Messiah:

Why do the nations {heathen} rage, and the peoples imagine a vain thing? The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against Yahweh, and against His anointed, sayingLet us break their bands asunder, and cast away their cords from us.

He Who sitteth in the heavens shall laugh; Yahweh shall have them in derision. Then shall He speak unto them in His wrath, and vex them in His great {sore} displeasure. Yet have I set My King upon My holy hill of Zion. I will declare the decree: Yahweh hath said unto Me, Thou art My Son; this day have Ibegotten Thee. Ask of Me, and I shall give Thee the nations {heathen} for thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for Thy possession. 9Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron; Thou shalt dash them in pieces like a potter’s vessel.

10 Be wise now, therefore, O ye kings; be instructed, ye judges of the earth. 11 Serve Yahweh with fear, and rejoice with trembling. 12Kiss the Son, lest He be angry, and ye perish from the way, when His wrath is kindled but a little. Blessed are all they who put their trust in Him.

Jesus, in contrast, says clearly to Pontius Pilate that his kingdom “is not of this world.”

Jesus is depicted as blond and Judas as very Jewish-looking

After betraying Jesus, and getting his bribe of thirty pieces of silver money from the Jews, Judas realized the enormity of his crime and hanged himself in a field he had bought with the money. According to the Gospels, his belly split open and his guts spilled out. Here in the center panel of this triptych painting, the Devil is depicted taking his soul. 

***

Along with this anti-truth of the Jewishness of Christ there long has been brewing another modern axiom, that of a supposed identity between antisemitism and National Socialism [of the anti-Christian sort professed by Martin Bormann or Heinrich Himmler], or any other movement or doctrine of that kind.
With a total absence of shame, a  [false image] is being to created in which the Catholic Church — and the other Christian denominations — are presented as the [noble] standard-bearers of the (self-)Chosen People, [always] protecting the [poor Jews] against abuses and persecutions by the wicked.
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For example, Cardinal Jozef-Ernest van Roey in Belgium (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jozef-Ernest_van_Roey) and Cardinal George Mundelein in the United States,(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_hanger_(Mundelein%27s_speech), and others, mounted up in Biblical anger in 1938 over Adolf Hitler banning the Jews in Germany from holding public office.
The comedy in all this is that such a measure had a precedent, provided by His Holiness Pope Honorius III, who, in his papal bull of April 29, 1221, “Ad nostram noveritis audentiam” (in Latin:  “So that people may know our boldness”) forbade Jews then living in the Papal States from the exercise of any public charge — same as Hitler 727 years later.
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The bull also forced Jews to wear on their clothing a special badge, visible at twenty pace, identifying them as Jews. And Honorius III established, going further along these lines, a numerus clausus (quotas for Jews).
*** for more
***
The classic objection of “That was a long time ago” may be valid in any other case or applied to any other entity, but it is not when it applies to the Catholic Church. It is by definition universal, above space and time, and for the Church a few centuries do not count for much.
In the pamphlet “THE JEWISH PROBLEM AS DEALT WITH BY THE POPES,”
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…published by the Christian National Crusade of St. Louis, Missouri, no less than twenty-nine Sovereign Pontiffs are listed who dictated fifty-seven bulls and edicts concerning the Jews.
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Bulls were formal and important edicts issued by the popes, bulla being the Latin word for the metal seal, made of lead or even gold, that was affixed to important documents and proclamations
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The front shows the apostles Pete and Paul, the rear the name of the Pope
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Each of these fifty-seven writings would today be considered anti-Semitic, neo-Nazi, etc.
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In them the popes put put a series of restrictions on the activities of the Jews:
–they were prohibited to employ Christian servants in 1233 by Gregory IX’s Sufficere debuerat perfidiae Judaeorum  [“It should have sufficed for the perfidious Jews…”]; forbidden to hire Christian servants, cooks and governesses, and are forced to wear a special, visible badge in 1244 by Innocent IV’s Impia Judaeorum perfidia (“Of the perfidy of the impious Jews”); to hold public office in 1221 by Honorius III’s Ad nostram noveritis audentiam, which also recommends being very careful around the conversos; the burning of Talmuds is also commanded there.
Christians are forbidden to live with conversos in 1317 by John XXII’s Ex parte vestra; this prohibition is renewed several times, first in 1442 by Eugene IV’s Dudum ad nostram audientiam and by Callixtus III’s  Si ad reprimendos in 1456.
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The Jews were also forbidden to practice industry by the same John XXII’s  Ex parte vestra; they are forced to pray in atonement by Paul IV’s  Cum nimis absurdum, meaning “when enough is enough,” and starting out as follows:
“As it is completely absurd and improper in the utmost that the Jews, who through their own fault were condemned by God to eternal servitude […].
(This bull was issued on 14 July 1555, exactly 399 years before my birth.)
They were prohibited from selling new objects by Gregory XIII’s Antiqua judaeorum improbitas of 1581;
In such a varied repertoire, deportations and collective punishments are not lacking: Pius V, in 1569, with his Hebraeorum gens [“The Hebrews’ Race”] , expelled them from the Papal States, except from the cities of Rome and Ancora, although reinforcing the surveillance of their ghettos there.

“The Jewish people fell from the heights because of their faithlessness and condemned their Redeemer to a shameful death. Their godlessness has assumed such forms that, for the salvation of our own people, it becomes necessary to prevent their disease. Besides usury, through which Jews everywhere have sucked dry the property of impoverished Christians,

….they are accomplices of thieves and robbers; and the most damaging aspect of the matter is that they allure the unsuspecting through magical incantations, superstition, and witchcraft to the Synagogue of Satan and boast of being able to predict the future.

We have carefully investigated how this revolting sect abuses the name of Christ and how harmful they are to those whose life is threatened by their deceit.

On account of these and other serious matters, and because of the gravity of their crimes which increase day to day more and more, We order that, within 90 days, all Jews in our entire earthly realm of justice — in all towns, districts, and places — must depart these regions. ~ Pope St. Pius V (From his Bull, “The Jewish Race,” Feb.26, 1569

Clement VIII in 1593 forbids them in his Cum saepe accidere first to sell new items, then prohibits them from selling used goods, and finally he restricts them in France to their headquarters in Avignon, France; later the same Pontiff in 1593 in his Caeca et obdurata [“Blind and stubborn”] restricted them in the Papal States to Rome and Ancona.
 The Supreme Pontiffs who today would be labeled anti-Semites were: Honorius III, Gregory IX, Innocent IV, Clement IV, Gregory X, Nicholas III, Paul III, Julius III, Paul IV, Pius IV, Gregory III, Sixtus V, Clement VIII, Paul V, Urban VIII, Alexander VII, Alexander VIII, Innocent XIII, Benedict XIII and Benedictine XIV, who
broke the record with six edicts and bulls concerning the Jews.

This respectable number of twenty-nine Popes and fifty-seven anti-Semitic bulls could even be expanded by citing  the bull Beatus Andreas issued by Benedictine XIV on February 22, 1755,  which refers to the martyrdom of a Christian child, little Andy Oxner, on 12 July 1462, aged 3, by Christ-hating Jews, in a very notorious ritual murder case. The severity of the Pope’s tone could not have been improved on by Dr. Joseph Goebbels.

[JdN: I read the entire bull in German translation. Half-expecting a tirade against the Jews for killing this child, I found instead the legal and formal attitude that Ariel Toaff credited to popes in various ritual murder cases. Popes in effect “bent over backwards” to not condemn Jews unjustly, having in mind the claim of “Saint” Paul that the Jews were “still”  in some way God’s Covenant People — but were they ever? The bull implies that because the little child could not and did not consciously choose martyrdom, at least four miracles that were witnessed by others are necessary for official beatification or sanctification of the jew-murdered child, that is, for the Church to formally declare them to be “blessed” or “saints.”)

The church in Rinn near Innsbruck, Austria

A politically correct modern plaque is all that is left now in the church at Judenstein (Jew’s Stone”) recalling little Andreas Oxner, “Anderl [Andy] von [of] Rinn”, who was beatified in 1755.

The painted wooden statue of the three-year-old Andy

 The poor boy’s bones were removed from the church in 1985 by a traitorous, jew-serving bishop, ‘Reinhold Stecher. (And, who knows with the Catholic Church of today, perhaps he was even a homosexual and a pedophile. This priest was arrested by the Gestapo as an enemy of the Reich, and almost sent to a concentration camp, but instead was put in the Army and forced to fight for Germany up in Finland and Norway.) 

The former ceiling fresco depicting what the Jews did to him, as with the case of Simon of Trent, the Jews did this out of direct hatred and mockery of Jesus and Christians. Under Jew pressure, the Vatican-II Church in 1961 revoked its own beatification from 1755 of  little Andy, saying the case was being “misused” to incite antisemitism, there was no proof Jews did it, or if so, none that Jews did it out of religious hatred — all bald-faced lies. Only Jews drain (using up to 100 cuts) all the blood out of white children when they murder them, and it is for the dried blood for matzoh bread eaten at Passover.  

A vile Gentile, the godfather actually, took his own godson to the Jews and sold him for money. This fresco, as of 2015, is still to be seen in the church.

Jews are here depicted truthfully as killing and draining the blood from white, Christian children, especially boys, to make a dried blood powder to be baked into the matzoh bread which Jews eat at Passover: BLOOD PASSOVER Ariel Toaff 2007

Most of the bulls and edicts refer to general topics, such as issues of doctrine, procedures, and the situation of Jews in the Papal States, and that of Jews in other Catholic states, and things to be regulated by decrees and papal ordinances.

In the years before the triumph of the Italian revolution [and the national unification of Italy] of 1859, and with it the subsequent disappearance of the Papal States, the regulations concerning the Jews of Rome were very strict, with occasional relaxations of their severity. The common character of all the measures taken was to protect Christian communities against the penetration of the Jewish race and its Talmudic ideas. These measures can be grouped into four categories:

1) Direct measures to protect the Catholic faith:
1.1) Destruction of the Talmud.
1.2) Severe prohibition of the teaching of the Talmud and even of the Bible [by Jews] without prior permission and supervision.

2) Measures aimed at ensuring the social separation of Jews and Christians:
2.1) Confinement of Jews to their ghetto.

Venice ghetto  (Ghettoes had a literal wall around them, or in the case of Venice, a canal of water traversed by a footbridge, with Gentile soldiers or policemen standing guard and perhaps interrogating unknown people who were coming and going. Jews had to be back in their ghetto by the curfew.)

Jewish ghetto, Cracow, Poland

Ghet Krakow 2

2.2) General prohibition – laid on both Jews and Christians – of cohabitation, in the broadest application of the expression.
2.3) Use of dresses and special badges.
2.4) Absolute expulsion from certain areas

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3) Measures assuring the protection of certain professions, preserving them from Jewish influence:
3.1) Public charges.
3.2) Liberal professions, especially medicine.
3.3) Teaching.
3.4) Banking.
3.5) Certain types of trade.
3.6) Ownership of the land.

4) Measures concerning race:
4.1) Prohibition of employment by  Jews, of nannies, maids, cooks, and in general, all kinds of non-Jewish female workers.

The ritual murder in Hungary of the 14-year-old farm girl Esther Solymosi on 1 April 1882, painted by Michael Munkácsy under commission by Tsar Alexander III of Russia

4.2) Prohibition of mixed marriages (a universal principle already in Christianity)

The encyclical letter of His Holiness Benedict XIV (photo; reigned 1740-58) sent to the Primate, archbishops and bishops of the country of Poland concerning the prohibitions against Jews residing in the same cities and districts as Polish Christians is a document that, in our age, would have cost the author, howevermuch Vicar of Christ he was, the honor of the gallows in any ecclesiastic Nuremberg.

His Holiness begins by recalling the Catholic traditions of the Polish nation and emphasizing the resolutions of the Petrikac (Petrikov) Council, presided over by nuncio Lipomanus, bishop of Verona … In said council and for the greater glory of God the principle of freedom of conscience was proscribed and definitely excluded from among the principles, governing the public life of the kingdom.

Remember, then, the Vicar of Christ wrote, the resolutions of the synod of the province of Gnesen, in which the Polish bishops took wise measures to preserve their king from Jewish perfidy.

His Holiness then expresses regret over the catastrophic news that has come to his knowledge. Here is the catastrophic news: “The number of Jews has increased considerably; the Jews have constituted monopolies, specifically in the
liquor trade; they have become owners of immense estates; and they have taken their daring to the point of becoming tax collectors. ”

He then calls attention to the fact that some Christians have entered the domestic service of Jews, which he calls a monstrous anomaly.

After asking that no reaction include committing abuses and exactions against the Jews, His Holiness demands a return to the healthy order of things and the complete separation (apartheid, we would say today) between both communities, Jewish and Christian, with the predominance of the latter in civil life.

Even without a moment’s consideration of its divine aspect, an organization like the Roman Catholic Church, nearly two thousand years old, does not make major  decisions lightly and without thinking through carefully the pros and cons.  It would seriously insult the intellect and the sensitivity of twenty-nine Pontiffs, and of hundreds of archbishops, cardinals, bishops — many of them at the altars [ = not shut up in monasteries but out in the real world with the toiling masses, the faithful, the people] — who dictated anti-Semitic measures. It seems logical to suppose that if they took such measures, they had powerful motives.

In the last two hundred years Judaism has created two monsters, capitalism and communism, has perpetrated the Russian Revolution [ = a putsch by 40,000 mostly Jewish bolsheviks], the plundering of Palestine, and has contributed powerfully to the unleashing of two world wars, among many other “achievements” with which they can be charged.

We are convinced of the existence of many decent Jews, innocent of the crimes that Judaism has committed and still now commits, although we will state that we have not found a Jew – not a single one! – who has dissociated himself from his kinsmen in the [Soviet-era] Kremlin, on Wall Street … or in Palestine.

We do not see, then, any special reason to believe that the antisemitic measures of the Church, which must have been a good thing for eighteen centuries, suddenly became a bad thing despite the emergence of [new Jewish menaces]:

–communism,

–capitalism, and

–the pirate state of Tel Aviv.

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…..Reaction of a reader

I have always felt the same about Jesus. But how do you explain the genealogies of Jesus which kick off two of the Gospels, claiming that His ancestry went back to the legendary King David, given your perspective of Jesus-the-Gentile?

I replied:

The one by Matthew, chapter 1, runs from Abraham down to Joseph, which is genetically irrelevant because Joseph was only Jesus’ stepfather.

The New Testament clearly proclaims as its principal dogma that God Himself was Jesus’ “biological” and real father.

*** Matthew 1:1-24

This is the genealogy[a] of Jesus the Messiah[b] the son of David, the son of Abraham:

Abraham was the father of Isaac, Isaac the father of Jacob, Jacob the father of Judah and his brothers,

Judah the father of Perez and Zerah, whose mother was Tamar, Perez the father of Hezron, Hezron the father of Ram,

Ram the father of Amminadab, Amminadab the father of Nahshon, Nahshon the father of Salmon,

Salmon the father of Boaz, whose mother was Rahab, Boaz the father of Obed, whose mother was Ruth, Obed the father of Jesse,

and Jesse the father of King David.

 

David was the father of Solomon, whose mother had been Uriah’s wife,

 Solomon the father of Rehoboam, Rehoboam the father of Abijah, Abijah the father of Asa,

Asa the father of Jehoshaphat, Jehoshaphat the father of Jehoram, Jehoram the father of Uzziah,

Uzziah the father of Jotham, Jotham the father of Ahaz, Ahaz the father of Hezekiah,

10 Hezekiah the father of Manasseh, Manasseh the father of Amon, Amon the father of Josiah,

11 and Josiah the father of Jeconiah[c] and his brothers at the time of the exile to Babylon.

 

12 After the exile to Babylon:

Jeconiah was the father of Shealtiel, Shealtiel the father of Zerubbabel, 

13 Zerubbabel the father of Abihud, Abihud the father of Eliakim, Eliakim the father of Azor,

14 Azor the father of Zadok, Zadok the father of Akim, Akim the father of Elihud,

15 Elihud the father of Eleazar, Eleazar the father of Matthan, Matthan the father of Jacob,

16 and Jacob the father of Joseph, the husband of Mary, and Mary was the mother of Jesus who is called the Messiah.

17 Thus there were fourteen generations in all from Abraham to David, fourteen from David to the exile to Babylon, and fourteen from the exile to the Messiah. [JdN: cute….]

Joseph Accepts Jesus as His Son

18 This is how the birth of Jesus the Messiah came about[d]: His mother Mary was pledged to be married to Joseph, but before they came together, she was found to be pregnant through the Holy Spirit.19 Because Joseph her husband was faithful to the law, and yet[e] did not want to expose her to public disgrace, he had in mind to divorce her quietly.

20 But after he had considered this, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream and said,

“Joseph son of David, do not be afraid to take Mary home as your wife, because what is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. 21 She will give birth to a son, and you are to give him the name ‘Jesus,’ because he will save his people from their sins.”

[“Jesus” (a Greek version of His name) means in Hebrew “Yehoshu,” that is, “Yahweh Saves.” Talmudic Jews call Him “Yeshu”.]

Yeshu is depicted as a whining monkey, and is mocked and crucified by a Jewish girl in a bikini in a 2006 Israel tv comedy: .https://johndenugent.com/images/Israeli-comedy-mocks-crucifies-Jesus-monkey.mp4

22 All this took place to fulfill what the Lord had said through the prophet: 23 “The virgin will conceive and give birth to a son, and they will call him Immanuel”[g] (which means “God with us”).

24 When Joseph woke up, he did what the angel of the Lord had commanded him and took Mary home as his wife. 25 But he did not consummate their marriage until she gave birth to a son. And he gave him the name ‘Jesus.'”

***

The genealogy in Luke 3:21-29 also deals with Joseph (who, again, is NOT the biological father), but actually seems to refer to the ancestors of Mary. (See below the text in Luke.)

The genealogical line running from David to Joseph in Luke is actually very different from that in Matthew!

This is a really murky and dubious story, and one of many pious legends in the Bible.

(It reminds me of the “Greatest Generation” nonsense that today glorifies the generation of gullible sheep who, incredibly, four times elected an arch-criminal, liar and failure, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, to the US presidency and how FDR’s soldier-saints then “saved the world for freedom and stopped the Nazis.” It is really a national ego trip about how great grandpa was — and by extension his grandchildren…. so very “proud to be an American, because at least I know I’m free” — free to watch different television channels, to choose between French-vanilla and regular-vanilla ice cream, or select which disgraceful political puppet of Jewry will get their meaningless vote.)

As Wikipedia accurately states (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genealogy_of_Jesus):

The New Testament provides two accounts of the genealogy of Jesus, one in the Gospel of Matthew and another in the Gospel of Luke. Matthew’s starts with Abraham, while Luke begins with Adam. The lists are identical between Abraham and David, but differ radically from that point. Traditional Christian scholars (starting with the historian Eusebius[1]) have put forward various theories that seek to explain why the lineages are so different,[2] such as that Matthew’s account follows the lineage of Joseph, while Luke’s follows the lineage of Mary. Some modern critical scholars like Marcus Borg and John Dominic Crossan claim both genealogies as inventions, to bring the Messianic claims into conformity with Jewish criteria.[3] 

[….] Modern scholarship tends to see the genealogies of Jesus as theological constructs [ =pious lies] rather than factual history:

family pedigrees would not usually have been available for non-priestly families, [ = only priests knew their real ancestry, not average people claiming they descended from King David]

and the contradictions between the two lists are seen as clear evidence that these were not based on genealogical records.

Additionally, the use of titles such as ‘Son of God’ and ‘Son of David’ are seen as evidence that they do not come from the earliest Gospel traditions.[27] Raymond E. Brown says the genealogies “tell us nothing certain about his grandparents or his great-grand-parents”.[28]

Gundry suggests the series of unknown names in Matthew connecting Joseph’s grandfather to Zerubbabel as an outright fabrication, produced by collecting and then modifying various names from 1 Chronicles.[29] Sivertsen sees Luke’s as artificially pieced together out of oral traditions.

The pre-exilic series Levi, Simeon, Judah, Joseph consists of the names of tribal patriarchs, far more common after the Exile [to Babylon] than before, while the name Mattathias and its variants begin at least three suspiciously similar segments.[30] Kuhn likewise suggests that the two series Jesus–Mattathias (77–63) and Jesus–Mattatha (49–37) are duplicates.[31]

The contradictions between the lists have been used to question the accuracy of the Gospel accounts since ancient times,[32] and several early Christian authors responded to this. Augustine, for example, attempted on several occasions to refute every criticism, not only because the Manichaeans in his day were using the differences to attack Christianity,[33] but also because he himself [Augustine!] had seen them in his youth as cause for doubting the veracity of the Gospels.[34]

[…] Three consecutive kings of Judah are omitted [from Matthew]: AhaziahJehoash, and Amaziah. These three kings are seen as especially wicked, from the cursed line of Ahab through his daughter Athaliah to the third and fourth generation.[7] The author could [also] have omitted them to create a second set of fourteen.[8]

*** Luke 3:21-29

21 When all the people were being baptized, Jesus was baptized too. And as he was praying, heaven was opened 22 and the Holy Spirit descended on him in bodily form like a dove. And a voice came from heaven: “You are my Son, whom I love; with you I am well pleased.”

23 Now Jesus himself was about thirty years old when he began his ministry. He was the son, so it was thought, of Joseph,

the son of Heli, 

24 the son of Matthat, the son of Levi, the son of Melki, the son of Jannai, the son of Joseph,

25 the son of Mattathias, the son of Amos, the son of Nahum, the son of Esli, the son of Naggai, 

26 the son of Maath, the son of Mattathias, the son of Semein, the son of Josek, the son of Joda,

27 the son of Joanan, the son of Rhesa, the son of Zerubbabel, the son of Shealtiel, the son of Neri, 

28 the son of Melki, the son of Addi, the son of Cosam, the son of Elmadam, the son of Er,

29 the son of Joshua, the son of Eliezer,  the son of Jorim, the son of Matthat, the son of Levi, 

30 the son of Simeon, the son of Judah, the son of Joseph, the son of Jonam, the son of Eliakim,

31 the son of Melea, the son of Menna, the son of Mattatha, the son of Nathan, the son of David, 

32 the son of Jesse, the son of Obed, the son of Boaz, the son of Salmon,[d] the son of Nahshon,

33 the son of Amminadab, the son of Ram,[ethe son of Hezron, the son of Perez, the son of Judah, 

34 the son of Jacob, the son of Isaac, the son of Abraham, the son of Terah, the son of Nahor,

35 the son of Serug, the son of Reu, the son of Peleg, the son of Eber, the son of Shelah,

 36 the son of Cainan, the son of Arphaxad, the son of Shem, the son of Noah, the son of Lamech,

37 the son of Methuselah, the son of Enoch, the son of Jared, the son of Mahalalel, the son of Kenan, 

38 the son of Enosh, the son of Seth, the son of Adam, the son of God.

***

One can question how much of the Old Testament is historically true, or the stories about King David. Even many Israeli historians concede that most of the stories are myths. Many historians think that Jerusalem under David – if he ever existed — was a village of a thousand residents. This photo shows the foundations of his supposed “royal palace.” http://www.newsweek.com/bible-david-solomon-timna-copper-mines-archaeology-717192

Compare these primitive rock walls with the magnificent architecture of Egypt or Babylon at the same time!

The Great Library of Babylon. (When the Jews were exiled in 740 BC to this great capital full of Gentiles, very few of them returned in 539 BC to their original Palestine, once the Persian king Cyrus the Great had conquered Babylonia and released them.)

So who really knows if David was real or who his descendants were?

RationalWiki says (https://rationalwiki.org/wiki/King_David):

King David was the second king of Israel and Judah, and most famous for killing Goliath, although he wasn’t king when he did that. David was a bit of a jerk, paying for one of his wives in Philistine foreskins,[1] sending some dude [Uriah] to be killed so he could bang his wife, and the most heinous of crimes: conducting a census at the behest of Satan.[2] Or maybe not.[3]

Jesus is supposedly descended from David, though there is the problem of being the “Son of God” as it is Joseph who was the descendant of David, and if He were conceived immaculately, then he wasn’t the son of Joseph and therefore he WASN’T a descendant of David.

Was [David] real?

The source for everything we know about David is the Bible. There are a few possible extra-biblical sources, such as the Tel Dan Stele. This Aramean victory stele contains the phrase ביתדוד which translates to “House of the beloved”, “House of the uncle” or “House of David”. [4] As the stele describes a victory over Israel and an unspecified allied kingdom it isn’t unreasonable to suppose they refer to Judah and its David. However, the “city of David” section of Jerusalem lacks convincing evidence of being any kind of “city” in circa 1000 BCE, though the ruins are difficult to date accurately. [5]

Most scholars hold the position that the Histories (Nevi’im) describe real people, in a fictionalized account. Therefore, it’s likely King David existed, and he was for Judah their most powerful or important king. But since no one else mentions him, he probably was not a major player in the greater Middle East region of the time. [6]

 

References

  1.  He was only required to bring 100 foreskins, but he gathered 200, because you can never have enough foreskins. The whole thing was a plot by Saul to kill David, though, so he gets a pass here
  2.  1 Chronicles 21:1
  3.  2 Samuel 24:1
  4.  Mykytiuk, Lawrence J. (2004). “Identifying Biblical Persons in Northwest Semitic Inscriptions of 1200-539 B.C.E.” Atlanta, Ga.: Society of Biblical Literature. See pp. 110-132 and 265-277
  5.  “Solomon’s Jerusalem: The Text and the Facts on the Ground,” in: A.G. Vaughn and A.E. Killebrew (eds.), Jerusalem in Bible and Archaeology: The First Temple Period, (Society of Biblical Literature, Symposium Series, No. 18), Atlanta, 2003, pp. 103-115. See also Cahill, J., “David’s Jerusalem, Fiction or Reality? The Archaeological Evidence Proves It,” and Steiner, M., “David’s Jerusalem, Fiction or Reality? It’s Not There: Archeology Proves a Negative,” both in Biblical Archeology Review 24 (July/August 1998).
  6.  Archeology Magazine

.

***JdN  — final comment

With every truly major ruler, 1) other kings mention them in correspondence or show them in war statuary (if they beat them or take some of their soldiers prisoner), and 2) we also find coins, inscriptions or statues with their likeness on them.

With King David or his son, King Solomon — there is nothing, zip, nada, nichts.

These two Jewish kings may be just as real as the Jews’ Holocaust, or their glorifications of the great Jews geniuses Sigmund Freud and Albert Einstein — 95% of it is just Jewish fake news.

And it is the same with Jesus. As a Galilean, he may have been 5% Jewish, or maybe not Jewish at all in His DNA.

(Many of us have a smidgen of Jewish blood in us because for thousands of years young Jews, disgusted with Judaism’s lies, greed and hatred, have left Judaism, married Gentiles, and joyfully become part of the Gentile world. Were Jewry not a path to greater wealth and power, very may Jews would turn their back on this horrific faith.)

What really counts, as we saw also with Adolf Hitler, who was striking but neither ugly nor handsome,

is not how the man appeared, but what he preached to the world and did.

Both denounced Judaism and the Jews, and proclaimed that a new world must come that is free of ego, hate, lies, and greed — either that, or humanity will destroy itself.

.

“The Galileans value honor more than money;

the Jews money more than honor. “

 

 

7 Comments

  1. I have always felt the same about Jesus. But how do you explain the genealogies of Jesus which kick off two of the Gospels, claiming that His ancestry went back to the legendary King David, given your perspective of Jesus-the-Gentile?

    • The one by Matthew refers to Joseph, which is irrelevant because Joseph was only His stepfather, the claim being is that God Himself was His “biological” and real father.

      The genealogy by Luke seems to refer to Mary’s ancestors, but it is murky and dubious, sort of a pious legend.

      One can question how much of the Old Testament is historically true, or the stories about King David. Even many Israeli historians concede that most of the stories are myths.

      Many historians think that Jerusalem under David – if he ever existed — was a village of a thousand residents. This was his supposed “royal palace.” Who knows who, if any, his real descendants were?

      http://www.newsweek.com/bible-david-solomon-timna-copper-mines-archaeology-717192

      https://rationalwiki.org/wiki/King_David says:

      King David was the second king of Israel and Judah, most famous for killing Goliath, although he wasn’t king when he did that. David was a bit of a jerk, paying for one of his wives in Philistine foreskins,[1] sending some dude [Uriah] to be killed so he could bang his wife, and the most heinous of crimes: conducting a census at the behest of Satan.[2] Or maybe not.[3]

      Jesus is supposedly descended from David, though there is the problem of being the “Son of God” as it is Joseph who was the descendant of David, and if He were conceived immaculately, then he wasn’t the son of Joseph and therefore he WASN’T a descendant of David.

      Was [David] real?

      The source for everything we know about David is the Bible. There are a few possible extra-biblical sources, such as the Tel Dan Stele. This Aramean victory stele contains the phrase ביתדוד which translates to “House of the beloved”, “House of the uncle” or “House of David”. [4] As the stele describes a victory over Israel and an unspecified allied kingdom it isn’t unreasonable to suppose they refer to Judah and its David. However, the “city of David” section of Jerusalem lacks convincing evidence for a circa 1000 BCE city, though the ruins are difficult to date accurately. [5]
      Most scholars hold the position that the Histories (Nevi’im) describe real people, in a fictionalized account. Therefore, it’s likely the King David existed, and he was, for Judah, the most powerful or important king, but since no one else mentions him, he’s probably not a major player in the greater Middle East region of the time. [6]

      ***JdN

      With every truly major ruler, 1) other kings mention them, and 2) we find coins with his likeness on them. With David or Solomon — nothing. They many be as real as the Holocaust.

      ***

      References
      He was only required to bring 100 foreskins, but he gathered 200, because you can never have enough foreskins. The whole thing was a plot by Saul to kill David, though, so he gets a pass here
      1 Chronicles 21:1
      2 Samuel 24:1
      Mykytiuk, Lawrence J. (2004). “Identifying Biblical Persons in Northwest Semitic Inscriptions of 1200-539 B.C.E.” Atlanta, Ga.: Society of Biblical Literature. See pp. 110-132 and 265-277
      “Solomon’s Jerusalem: The Text and the Facts on the Ground,” in: A.G. Vaughn and A.E. Killebrew (eds.), Jerusalem in Bible and Archaeology: The First Temple Period, (Society of Biblical Literature, Symposium Series, No. 18), Atlanta, 2003, pp. 103-115. See also Cahill, J., “David’s Jerusalem, Fiction or Reality? The Archaeological Evidence Proves It,” and Steiner, M., “David’s Jerusalem, Fiction or Reality? It’s Not There: Archeology Proves a Negative,” both in Biblical Archeology Review 24 (July/August 1998).
      Archeology Magazine

  2. Here are two quotes from Napoleon Bonaparte on the Jews, from the March/April 2015 issue of The Barnes Review magazine, in an article titled “Napoleon vs the Bankers,” page 29:

    “Legislation must be put into effect that the general well being is in danger. The government cannot look with indifference on the way a despicable nation [the Jews] takes possession of all the provinces of France. The Jews have to be treated as a special people. They are a state within a state. It is discouraging for the French nation to end up under the sway of the lowest of peoples. The Jews are the master robbers of the modern age; they are the carrion birds of humanity…. They must be treated with political justice, not with civil justice. They are surely not real citizens.”

    “The Jews have practiced usury since the time of Moses and oppressed other peoples. Meanwhile the Christians were only rarely usurers, falling into disgrace when they did so. We ought to ban the Jews from commerce, because they abuse it…. The evils of the Jews do not stem from individuals but from the fundamental nature of this people.”

    Here are three paragraphs on the real owners of the Bank of England, from an article in the same issue of The Barnes Review magazine titled “The Economic Policies of Hitler’s Third Reich: Object Lessons for Today,” page 60:

    “…After Cromwell had brought the Jews back to England, 400 years after their expulsion, a new era of the monetary system began.

    In his book on the history of the Bank of England, Sir John Clapham noted the large number of names of Spanish and Portuguese Sephardic Jews that appeared in the list of shareholders in the early years of the English central bank. He noted that these names from 1701 actually contained 90% of the 107 founding members of the Bank of England. Among them were two da Costas, Fonseca, Henriquez, Mendez, Nunes, Rodriguez, Salvador, Teixeira de Mattos and Solomon de Medina. Clapham pointed to a parallel with the Bank of Amsterdam, where, at its founding, 25 Jews were among the owners. M. Hyamson writes in his work “The Sephardim of England” that a certain Jacob Henriquez, immediately after the coronation of King George III, in the context of a petition, referred to the merits of his father in founding the Bank of England.

    With the creation of a private institution as the central bank of the British empire, the world stood open to the money conspirators.”

    — End quotes —

    This confirms in my mind that the Rothschilds are only the most visible and recent of the bankster Jews – they didn’t get started until the late 1700s and early 1800s, so they were relative newcomers to the Jewish bankster party. I’ve suspected for some time that there are much older and richer Jew bankster families whom we never hear anything about, like the Sephardic Jews mentioned above, who founded the Bank of England in 1694.

    • Thanks.

      What is the source of this excellent quotation, please? I mean: When and where did Napoleon say this?

      There should be a footnote, this being The Barnes Review.

      ““Legislation must be put into effect that the general well being is in danger [….] “

  3. That article in the March/April 2015 issue of TBR, titled “Napoleon vs the Bankers,” was written by Joaquin Bochaca and translated by Margaret Huffstickler. The two Napoleon quotes I listed were from a gray-background sidebar on page 29, not from the main article, and no footnote numbers were included in that sidebar. Also, there were five Napoleon quotes listed in that sidebar – I posted only quotes two and three. Here is the complete list of end notes for the main article – the quotes in the sidebar may have been from one or more of these sources:

    ENDNOTES:
    1 Bordiot, Jacques, Une main cachee dirige (“A Hidden Hand Directs”), 83.
    2 Coston, Henry, Les Financiers, 51.
    3 Dauphin-Meunier, A., La Banque a travers les Ages (“The Bank Through the Ages”), Vol. II, 71.
    4 Dauphin-Meunier, La Banque a travers les Ages, Vol. II, 79.
    5 Wilson, R. McNair, God and the Goldsmiths, 94.
    6 Wilson, R. McNair, The Bankers Conspiracy.
    7 Las Cases, Memorial de Santa Helena (“St. Helena Memoirs”).
    8 Drumont, E., La France Juive, 254.
    9 Op. cit. 256.
    10 Op. cit. 259.
    11 Ivernois, R.D., Les effects du blocus continental (“The Effects of the Continental Blockade”).
    12 It is probably a coincidence, but the English governor of Saint Helena, who treated the emperor so disgracefully, was a Jew named Edmund Lowe (author’s note).

    I also found this link, which has a section on Napoleon’s quotes on the Jews:

    http://www.biblebelievers.org.au/repute.htm

    From the above article – it contains sources for three of the quotes in the TBR article’s sidebar:

    BONAPARTE, NAPOLEON. French statesman, general. “The Jews provided troops for my campaign in Poland, but they ought to reimburse me: I soon found that they are no good for anything but selling old clothes . . .” “Legislating must be put in effect everywhere that the general well-being is in danger. The government cannot look with indifference on the way a despicable nation takes possession of all the provinces of France. The Jews are the master robbers of the modern age; they are the carrion birds of humanity . . . “They must be treated with political justice, not with civil justice. They are surely not real citizens.”

    “The Jews have practiced usury since the time of Moses, and oppressed the other peoples. Meanwhile, the Christians were only rarely usurers, falling into disgrace when they did so. We ought to ban the Jews from commerce because they abuse it . . . The evils of the Jews do not stem from individuals but from the fundamental nature of this people.” (From Napoleon’s Reflections, and from speeches before the Council of State on April 30 and May 7, 1806.)

    “Nothing more contemptible could be done than the reception of the Jews by you. I decided to improve the Jews. But I do not want more of them in my kingdom. Indeed, I have done all to prove my scorn of the most vile nation in the world.” (Letter to his brother Jerome, King of Westphalia, March 6, 1808)

    1). Every big and small Jew in the peddling trade must renew his license every year.

    2). Checks and other obligations are only redeemable if the Jew can prove that he has obtained the money without cheating. (Ordinance of March 17, 1808. Napoleonic Code.)

    Here is a Kikeopedia article, which surprisingly, lists sources for two of Napoleon’s less-than-favorable quotes about the Jews:

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleon_and_the_Jews

    Here is that section:

    “Both aspects of his thinking can be seen in an 1822 response to physician Barry O’Meara, who had written to Napoleon after he had been exiled, asking why he pressed for the emancipation of the Jews:

    I wanted to make them leave off usury, and become like other men…by putting them upon an equality, with Catholics, Protestants, and others, I hoped to make them become good citizens, and conduct themselves like others of the community…as their rabbins explained to them, that they ought not to practise usury to their own tribes, but were allowed to do so with Christians and others, that, therefore, as I had restored them to all their privileges…they were not permitted to practise usury with me or them, but to treat us as if we were of the tribe of Judah. Besides, I should have drawn great wealth to France as the Jews are very numerous, and would have flocked to a country where they enjoyed such superior privities. Moreover, I wanted to establish an universal liberty of conscience.[1]

    In a private letter to his brother Jérome Napoleon, dated 6 March 1808, Napoleon expressed a conflicting view:

    I have undertaken to reform the Jews, but I have not endeavoured to draw more of them into my realm. Far from that, I have avoided doing anything which could show any esteem for the most despicable of mankind.[2]

    Footnotes

    1. Barry Edward O’Meara (1822). “Napoleon in Exile”. Retrieved 12 December 2012.
    2. “New letters of Napoleon I”. 1898. Retrieved 15 December 2012.”

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